5 Times F1 Teams Got The New Regulations Right

In F1, regulations changes have consistently presented opportunities for teams to leap up the grid. If a team grasps the new rules quickly and produces a strong car from the start, it has the chance to steal a march on its rivals for the championship. F1 history is full of examples of times when a team was transformed into a title-winner through understanding the regulations well and producing a strong car from the very start.

Here are five of the most famous cases in which a team jumped to the front thanks to mastering rule changes.

• Mercedes W05 (2014)

In 2014, F1 went through the biggest engine change in its history as it switched to 1.6-litre V6 turbo hybrids. This transformed the sport, and it set it on a path to the current engines that can exceed 50% thermal efficiency and kick out 1,000bhp. The switch allowed Mercedes to transform itself from race winner into F1’s dominant force. It won 16 out of 19 races and took Lewis Hamilton to the World Championship. The Mercedes success number of factors. Firstly, they were first to commit to early work on the new engine formula with single-cylinder test engines, and also had vast knowledge of KERS to feed into their energy recovery systems work.

Second, they were a team that had rapidly expanded since Mercedes took over what was previously called Brawn and had evolved to the point where they were ready to fight at the front—as reflected by the good job they did with the various chassis changes. While the engine was key to their success, the W05 chassis was also a very effective car because it was fast and consistent. This doesn’t mean it was easy. Mercedes may have spent more time on the power unit project than others but they hit plenty of problems along the way, and even in the middle of 2013, there were concerns it wouldn’t be ready. But Mercedes AMG H, high-Performance Powertrains (known as HPP for short) did a superb job to troubleshoot those problems and produced a power unit that set the standard for F1 in 2014, for years to come.

• Brawn-Mercedes BGP001 (2009)

You may have seen a news story about Jenson Button, a slick-looking guy in a nice suit, and Brawn GP, a Formula One car company, taking the 2009 drivers’ and constructors’ championships. Well, it all started in late November 2007 when new Team Principal Ross Brawn walked through the door at Honda after two years spent on sabbatical and decided the team must focus on the major aerodynamic rule changes for 2009 that introduced wider front wings, narrower and higher rear wings and attempted – with only partial success – to simplify the various flicks and vanes that littered the cars.

The result was the legendary Brawn BGP001. The car is famous for the controversial double diffuser, which was ruled legal by stewards at the season-opening Australian Grand Prix. While Toyota and Williams also hit on the design, Brawn did it best—and Button reeled off six wins in the first seven races of 2009.

But it wasn’t just about the double diffuser. The car also hit on the outwash front wing endplate concept that soon became ubiquitous and built on the improvements made by Honda during 2008, particularly in terms of suspension.

Despite the newly independent team struggling for budget as the season progressed, and therefore development, the car remained competitive enough for Rubens Barrichello to win at Valencia and Monza, and for Button to close out the World Championship.

• Ferrari ‘Sharknose’ (1961)

Ferrari fell behind at first during the rear-engine revolution of 1959-1960 but bounced back with a major coup in 1961 when new Formula one regulations, initiated by Cooper, cut engine capacity from 2.5 litres to 1.5 litres and set a minimum weight of 450 kilograms. Ferrari was best prepared for the changes, since British teams, who had dominated previously, felt that their influence would lead to the rule changes being dropped.

Using an engine derived from the 1.5-litre V6 Formula 2 engine used the previous year, but with major changes overseen by Carlo Chiti including the flattening of the v-angle from 65 to 120 degrees, Ferrari had a strong power plant ready to go.
Ferrari also had an improved chassis, which was an evolution of the previous year’s Ferrari 256 but a little narrower and with the centre of gravity lowered. At the front, it featured two distinctive nostril-shaped intakes, earning it the nickname ‘Sharknose’.

The car won five out of the seven World Championship races it contested in 1961, with Phil Hill crowned champion after the death of teammate Wolfgang von Trips at Monza.

• Brabham-BMW BT52 (1983)

The flat-bottom regulations of 1983 that outlawed the ground-effect cars with low-hanging side skirts that sealed the underfloor were a turning point in Formula One, according to Formula One designer Adrian Newey. Due to the relatively late rule change, Gordon Murray was forced to scrap the intended ground-effect car and come up with an all-new one. Murray hit on the concept of an arrow-shaped car, featuring a longer wheelbase and with the weight distribution shifted rearward. It was a relatively compact car, featuring a fuel tank that couldn’t complete a full race distance, necessitating refuelling pit stops.

The team’s trump card was the four-cylinder BMW turbo engine. The engine, designed by legendary engineer Paul Rosche, was tremendously powerful but didn’t show its full potential until the second half of its season when its specially formulated fuel was used for the first time. This gave it a huge kick in power and made the BT52B, as it was called after a mid-season upgrade at the British Grand Prix, the car to beat. The car had won on its debut in Brazil in the hands of Nelson Piquet, but with the big step forward later in the season, it was unbeatable in the closing stages of the,e year, dominating the last three races to give Nelson Piquet his first World Championship victory for a turbocharged car—although Ferrari pipped Brabham to the constructors’ championship.

• McLaren-Mercedes MP4/13 (1998)

The look of Formula 1 cars changed dramatically in 1998. The introduction of narrow-track cars meant a width reduction from 2000mm to 1800mm, with grooved tyres introduced.

These changes were conceived to reduce the available grip by reducing the potential for downforce-generating devices and cutting the tyre contact patch by around 12% without requiring disproportionately narrow tyres. There were also other changes, including to the shape of the chassis for safety reasons.

McLaren had recruited design genius, Adrian Newey, from Williams. Although he didn’t, Adrian Newey, until the beginning of August 1997, he’d already been working on ideas for the 1998 rules, including the need to lengthen the wheelbase, contrary to conventional thinking, for aerodynamic and diagonal stability. He also worked to lower the centre of gravity for gentler weight transfer and found a way to retain something approximating a v-shaped chassis, despite the rule tweaks to make it squarer.

All of this, on top of the brake steer system, used the season before and the brilliance of Mika Hakkinen, resulted in a World Championship double in 1998.